AMERICAN OAK
Common Names: American oak (Port.); American red oak (lng.);
Chêne rouge (Fr.); Red Oak; Northenred oak.
Scientific name: Quercus rubra L.
Family: Fagaceae North America
Color: Distinct post, pale yellowishbrown, not very abundant. The core is yellowish brown with reddish tones
Grain: Thick
Cutting: Easy
Drying: Hard. There is risk of bending, staining, internal and superficial cracks.
Machining: Hard
Finishing: Good. Good reception of waxes, paints and varnishes.
Work: Good capacity for steam bending. Glueing with watery glues can be difficult. Nailing and screwing requires prior drilling. Need to apply a pore cap.
FRENCH OAK
Common Names: French oak; Chêne d’Europe
Scientific name: Quercus spp. (Q. robur L., Q. pedunculata Hoffm., Q. sessiliflora)
Family: Fagaceae
Provenance: Europe
Sorne: distinct, yellowish white, not very thick.
Cerne: COLOR: yellowish brown darkening to light and with time, bright, regular and defined, abundant contour.
WIRE: very straight, generally straight.
GRAIN: from fine to coarse, uneven, with porous zones.
TEXTURE: uneven and strong.
Bone marrow: five-pointed star and little bulky.
Sawing: fairly easy, for hardwoods; Requires power in hardwoods.
Drying: quite slow and difficult, delicate.
Machining: medium.
Pregagem: easy.
Collage: quite easy.
Finishing: delicate preparatory (sanding and scraping) operations; Good polishing, good reception of waxes, velaturas and inks; Of varnishes.
AMERICAN WALNUT
Common Names: Black walnut tree
Scientific name: Juglans Nigra
Family: Juglandaceae
Provenance: United States, Canada
Color: The post is yellowish-brown, the heartwood is distinctive, of a
brownish-purple color.
Yarn: Straight, sometimes irregular
Grain: Moderately thin and uniform
Texture: Slightly coarse It has a radial shaft, mainly provided by the annual layers and by spots of color, occasionally wavy.
Cutting: Easy
Drying: Easy. Slight risk of cracks and deformations
Machining: Easy
Finishing: Good
Work: Good drilling and turning behavior. Easy bonding.
Natural Durability: Moderate
Lnsects and fungi: Vulnerable
Lmpregnability: –
Remarks: Requires preservatives for external use.
IROKO
Common Names: Iroko, Kambala
Scientific name: JChlorophora excelsa Benth & Hook f. Chlorphora regia A.Chev
Family: Moraceae
Provenance: countries of central and eastern Africa.
Color: Light brown or pale yellow in both the post and heartwood, and darkens
over time to a golden or reddish color, depending on the light.
Grain: Law
Texture: Medium to coarse
Uses: Since it is such hardwood, Iroko wood is used especially for posters
and wooden sculptures exposed to the elements. It is also used for exterior
constructions such as flooring, carpentry, structures, decorative veneers, garden and park furniture, carpentry and shipbuilding, stairs, doors, coverings, friezes, baseboards and varied frames.
Natural durability: Very good
Lnsects and fungi: Resistant
Impregnability: Slightly impregnable
Area of Application: Interior and exterior carpentry, floors, stairs, shipbuilding, coatings and urban furniture.
CEDRO
Common Names: Cedar-bitter, cedar-bitter, cedar-potato, cedar-white, cedar-smelling, cedar-amazon, cedarwood, cedarwood, cedarwood, cedarwood.
Scientific name: Cedrela spp., Meliaceae.
Family: Meliaceae
Provenience: Africa
Color: The sapwood is white to pink. The heartwood varies from pink to dark
brown or light brown to rosy, more or less intense, to reddish brown.
Grain: straight or slightly wavy.
Texture: Thick.
Sawing: quite difficult, needs power.
Drying: fast with little occurrence of defects.
Workability: Easy to flatten, saw, sanding, drilling, nailing, gluing and turning. It has a good finish, in some cases resin exudation may occur.
Finishing: Good
Work: Easy to flatten, saw, sanding, drilling, nailing, gluing and turning.
Natural Durability: Good
Remarks: Among the light woods, cedar is the one that allows the most diversified use possible, surpassed only by the wood of the paraná pine (Araucaria angustifolia). The wood of this species is similar to that of mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla), but it is softer and of a thicker texture, and of inferior quality compared to that of cedar rose (Cedrela odorata).
